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Teaching Complex Behavior Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by

Chaining, Shaping, Task Analysis

This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.

Key Word Defini­tions

Chaining
One procedure which may be used to teach a chain, usually backwards chaining is used, prompting and fading is heavily used in chaining
Task Analysis
Breaking down a CHAIN into COMPON­ENT­S/R­ESP­ONSES
How do I make a Task Analysis?
Observe the sequence perfomed by someone who already has the skil perform the sequence, consult with experts, perform task so you understand each demand and understand the procedure and Sd needed for each step in the task analysis, Then use trial and error with each step on the learner, break into smaller steps if necessary
How do I know if my task analysis is approp­riate?
The learner needs to have the potention to perform the task and discri­minate which conditions to perform the task.
Shaping
Differ­ntial reinfo­rcement of successive approx­ima­tions to a target behavior
Why use shaping?
It establ­ishes novel topography or dimension of a target behavior!
How do I implement shaping?
reinforce responses by the leaner that is remotely resembles the topography or pre cursor behaviors to the target behavior like lips imitating the therap­ists. then slowly increase the criteria for reinfo­rcement closer and closer to the actual target behavior. Once a closer approx­imation is reached, you no longer reinforce the previously reinforced approx­ima­tions continue this until the target behavior is acheived!!
Tips for shaping:
utilize modeling prompt, visual, vocal etc. ensure it is the most effective way to teach consider prom'ts and other methods as well
Backward Chaini­ng(­typ­ically works better)
teacher completes all but the last link in the chain, and is reinforced for the last link. Keep adding links next to last, etc. until the student can complete all tasks in the chain
Forward Chaining
Learner completes first step, reinforced then teacher finishes sequence, continue adding steps until all steps completed indepe­ndently by learner.
Total Task Chaining
Also known as total task presen­tation, training on each step during a session, a good task for this would be washing hands or brushing teeth, we can reinforce but would need to be there ensuring each step is completed well