exam 2 world history origins to 1400 Cheat Sheet by astrogirl

Satrapies

Satraps were governors of provinces of ancient Achaemenid and Seleucid empires. The satrapies was the name of those provinces.

Theraveda Buddhism

This is the more conser­vative sect of buddhism that is more concerned with personal enligh­tenment through analysis and applic­ation of philosophy in personal life.

Boddhi­stvas

A boddhistva is a person able to reach nirvana but sacrifices that in order to teach others how to reach it. In order to save other suffering beings.

Asoka

Struggle of the Orders

494-28­7bce; This was a struggle between the plebian and patrician classes. Laws were put in place that suppressed the Plebian class, and the struggle to gain equality would last over 200 years.

Punic Wars

264-14­6bce; Punic Wars were between Cartha­ngian empire and the Roman empire. Rome defeated Carthage and gained control over the western and eastern halves of the Medite­rra­nean.

Gracchi bros.

The Gracchi brothers were Tiberius and Gaius who were both politi­cians that repres­ented the plebian class and reformed the sociop­oli­tical state of the plebian class in the 2nd century BCE.

Marius

In 136bce to 86 ce, Marius was a military leader that made military reform­ation in Rome that allowed it to have the strongest military to date. He allowed poor citizens to join the army, and had the government pay for their military equipment.

Julius Caesar

100bce­-44bce, Julius Caesar was a Roman dictator that helped formed the First Triumv­arate,

Octavi­an/­Aug­ustus

From 27bce-­14ce, Octavian inherited the empire after the death of Julius Caesar. Him and Mark Antony ruled together, but it was only him after he assasi­nated Antony. He also fought to kill Caesar's assassins.

pax Romana

This was a 200 year long period where there was sustained inner hegemonial peace and stability.

Consta­ntine

306ce-­337ce; Consta­ntine was the first emperor to change the empire's religion to Christ­ianity. He protected Christians with the Edict of Milan.

3rd Century BCE Crisis

This was the period where Rome nearly collapsed to due invasions, civil war, plague and economic depres­sion.

Paul of Tarsus

Paul was an apostle of Christ that spread the word of God throughout the Roman Empire. He was a Roman persecutor and was determined to persecute Jesus' disciples before his conversion to Christ­ianity.

Council of Nicaea

Former Han Dynasty

They converted Qin policies of centra­liz­ation and tax policies on agricu­lture, trad and manufa­ctu­ring. The fiscal innova­tions of the Han are the lottery and the government monopolies on the sale of salt, iron and liquor.

Qin Shihuandi