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Types of Interactions
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Predation Predator eats prey
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Population cycles: sinusoidal growth
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Herbivory Organism feeds on photosynthetic organisms
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Symbiosis |
Types of Symbiotic Relationships
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Mutualism both benefitting (lichen- algae and fungi)
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Commensalism one benefits, other is neither benefitted nor harmed
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Parasitism parasite benefits host is harmed
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Competition
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Infraspecific Competition same species
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Interspecific Competition Mechanism: Interference - competition between members of different species, to obtain resources
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Mechanism: Exploitative - better ability to get resources, not enough left for others
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Resource Partitioning using different resources in a habitat.
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niche: organisms role, abiotic and biotic
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Population Growth
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Density-Independent Factors natural disturbances, climate change, pollution
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Density-Dependant Factors disease, predation, competition (food, space, mate)
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Allee Effect population density too low: undercrowding. Contradicts logistic growth model
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Defence Mechanisms
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Camouflage mimics environment. coloration
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Mimicry mimics another organism. coloration.
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Chemical Defence releases noxious odours or concentrates poisons
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Behavioural Defence passive: hiding, playing dead & active fleeing, herding
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Structural Defence external armour
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