Cheatography
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Radiation cheat sheet on isotopes, 3 types of radiation, half-life and nuclear reactions
This is a draft cheat sheet. It is a work in progress and is not finished yet.
Electromagnetic radiation
Electromagnetic radiation |
waves created by vibration of electric charge wave = electric a/ magnetic components |
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ex. radio, microwaves, light |
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ionizing radiation can cause atoms to lose e- a/ become ions - leads to cancer |
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Isotopes
Isotope |
An element with the same # protons but different # neutrons |
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# protons/ atomic number stays the same, # neutrons atomic mass can change |
Unstable or stable |
If the protons and neutrons are mostly balanced then its most likely stable |
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can only be off by 1 |
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3 types of radiation
Alpha |
Big, slow, larger than beta/ gamma |
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take away 4 from the atomic mass |
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take away 2 from the atomic number |
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226 Ra 88 = 222 Rn 86 + 4 x 2 (or 4 He 2) |
Beta |
fast, small, can penetrate, not far |
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leave atomic mass alone but +1 for the atomic number |
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131 I 53 = 131 Xe 54 + 0 B -1 |
Gamma |
not a particle, high energy rays (short wavelengths) travels at speed light |
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leave everything the same |
3 types of radiation
Name |
Alpha |
Beta |
Gamma |
Greek letter |
x |
B |
y |
Symbol |
4 x 2 |
0 e -1 |
0 y 0 |
Composition |
4 neutrons 2protons |
1 electron |
energy |
Charge |
+2 |
-1 |
0 |
Stopped by |
paper, skin, clothing |
Aluminum foil |
something thick |
For the symbols its meant to look like atomic notion first number on the top second number on the bottom.
3 types of radiation stopped by
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