BIOTECH KNOWLEDGE CENTER Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by jerrycret68

With advanc­ements in biology and medicine, our unders­tanding of cancer and the autoimmune system has deepened, leading to signif­icant breakt­hroughs in cancer treatment. The discovery of immune checkp­oints, such as PD-1/P­D-L1, and the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors in tumor immuno­therapy have revolu­tio­nized cancer treatment and brought hope to cancer patients. https:­//w­ww.c­re­ati­ve-­bio­lab­s.c­om/­mag­ic-­mem­bra­ne-­pro­tei­n-h­uma­n-h­avc­r1-­121­16.htm

Tumor cells employ various mechanisms to evade the immune system, and immune checkp­oints play a crucial role in this process, acting as "­bra­kes­" for immune cells, while tumor cells express high levels of ligands that bind to these "­bra­kes­" on their surface.