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Docker CLI Commands & Dockerfile Build structure
Basic Docker commands
docker --help |
Displays basic help options and commands |
docker <command> --help |
Display detailed help for a specific command |
docker ps |
List of "live" containers |
docker ps -a/-all |
List of all containers |
docker version |
Display docker versioning |
Container commands
docker run <image> |
Builds a docker image from the Docker file |
docker run [options] <image:tag@digest> <command> <arguments> |
Full syntax of docker run command |
docker create <image>:<tag> |
Creates a container using the image |
docker start <container> |
Starts a container |
docker stop <container> |
Stops a container in an orderly manner |
docker kill <container> |
Immediately stops a running container |
docker restart <container> |
Restarts a stopped container |
docker rm <container> |
Removes a stopped container |
docker port <container> |
Lists the port mapping of a "running" container |
<container> can be replaced with the containers unique ID or unique NAME
<tag> is optional and will default to latest
Image Commands
docker images |
List images |
docker run <image>:<tag> |
Builds a new container using the image |
docker build <image>:<tag> |
Builds a docker image from the Docker file |
docker rmi <image>:<tag> |
Remove an image (not attached to a container) |
docker save <image>:<tag> |
Saves an image to a tar archive |
docker push <image>:<tag> |
Pushes the image to Docker Hub |
docker pull <image>:<tag> |
Pulls the image from Docker Hub |
<image> can be replaced with the images unique ID or or unique NAME
<tag> is optional and will default to latest
Miscellaneous Commands
docker exec -it <container> <entrypoint> |
Executes the command or terminal of a running container |
docker inspect <image or container> |
Returns low level information on an image or a container |
docker attach <container> |
Attach to a running container |
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Option Keywords
-i, --interactive |
Keep STDIN open even if not attached |
-t, --tty |
Allocate a psuedo-TTY |
-it |
Combines the -i and the -t options (interactive response) |
-a, --attach |
attach |
-d, --detach |
Run in background |
-e, --env |
Set ENV variables |
exec |
Run a new command in a container (See Misc) |
-p, -publish <host_port>>:<container_port> |
Port mapping (Host to container) |
-v, --volume <source>:<target> |
Mount files or directories (terse) |
-m, --mount |
Mount files or directores (verbose) |
Arguments
--name=<name> |
Assigns a name to a container: docker run --name=<name> <image> |
-a, --all |
Adds the option of "all" to the container list: docker ps -a |
sh |
Entrypoint command for a shell in a container: docker run -it <image> sh or docker exec -it <container> sh |
Volume Commands
docker volume ls |
List volumes |
docker volume inspect |
Inspect a volume |
docker volume create <volume> |
Create a volume |
docker volume rm <volume> |
Removes a volume |
<volume> can be replaced with the volumes unique ID or unique NAME
Dockerfile (for creating images)
FROM <image> [AS <name>] |
Sets the base image for this layered imaged |
RUN <command> |
(Shell form) Executes commands in a new layer |
RUN ["executable", "param1", "param2"] |
(Exec form) Executes commands in a new layer |
CMD ["executable", "param1", "param2"] |
(Exec form) Sets default executable as the ENTRYPOINT |
CMD ["param1", "param2"] |
(adds default parameters to non-specified ENTRYPOINT) |
CMD command param1 param2 |
(shell form) |
LABEL <key>=<value> <key>=<value> ... |
Adds metadata to an image |
EXPOSE <port> [<ports>/<protocol>] |
Specifys the port(s) for the container to listen on |
ENV <key>=<value |
Sets an environment variable for all subsequent instructions |
COPY [--chown=<usr>:<group>] <src>... <dest> |
Copies files or directorys from <src> and adds them to the container at <dest> |
VOLUME ["/data"] |
(Can be an array) Creates a mount point for files or directories |
USER <user>[:<group>] |
Sets the user name and optionally the user group to use when running image |
WORKDIR |
Sets the working directory |
ARG <NAME>=<value> |
ARG is the only command that may precede the FROM command. It sets support variables for the FROM |
Basic Dockerfile Dev Structure
From <image> |
WORKDIR <path> |
[ENV <key>=<value>] |
COPY <src> <target> |
RUN command param1 param2 ... |
CMD ["executable", "param1", "param2", ...] |
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