Psych Final Cheat Sheet (DRAFT) by jjovann

Which of the following brain scan techniques would be MOST useful in a psycho­logical research laboratory studying brain activity during rapidly changing enviro­nmental condit­ions?

MEG scan

Some aspects of human behavior are similar across the globe regardless of culture. Because those charac­ter­istics are so widesp­read, current theories stress the role of ___ processes in their explan­ation.

Evolut­ionary

Which of the following processes is NOT involved in the concrete operat­ional stage?

All of the above are involved in the concrete operat­ional stage

In the hemisp­her­ectomy YouTube video, what was the medical diagnosis of the patient who had her corpus callosum severed?

Epilepsy

In which lobe did the man who thought he was god have his epileptic seizures as shown in the YouTube video about seizures and god?

Temporal

The most likely reason it would be difficult to retrieve the memory of an extremely common object results from:

Failure to encode

According to the YouTube video on Sensation & Percep­tion, which of the following physical science discov­eries initially started as a concept in the social sciences?

General Relativity

Which of the following events does NOT reflect a variable ratio schedule?

Waiting for your radio program to being from some random time

In which of the following categories should marijuana be placed?

Halluc­ino­genics

What is the name for when you perceive the shape of your friend as constant despite the fact that you are literally viewing a changing shape as he moves about the room?

Shape constancy

The sound of a dentist’s drill may make you feel uncomf­ortable because of the ___ between the sound and ___.

Associ­ation; pain

Memories of stimulus events are stored as:

None of the above

Which of the following is TRUE?

All of the above

According to the YouTube video on Dreaming and a corres­ponding discussion in lecture, which two concepts were developed in part through dreaming?

Periodic table & General Relativity

Which of the following theories is used to explain why we dream? The:

Activa­tio­n-S­ynt­hesis Theory

Dreaming occurs in ___ cycles.

90-minute

Little Timmy cries for candy in the superm­arket while his father tells him “no.” Eventu­ally, his dad cannot stand the crying any longer and buys Little Timmy his candy. Little Timmy was ___ and his dad was ___.

Positively reinfo­rced; negatively reinforced

Which of the following drugs fits into the stimulants category?

Amphet­amines

Near-death experi­ences can be elicited through:

All of the above

The silent YouTube video on Wolfgang Kohler’s research reviews which of the following phenomena?

Insight learning

Which of the following drugs fits into the depres­sants category?

Alcohol

According to the YouTube video on evolut­ionary psycho­logy, there is evidence that:

People LIKE the smell of sexual partners who have different genes than they do

In an early childhood cognition experi­ment, a child is habituated to a RED CIRCLE throughout days 1-14. On day 15, the child is exposed to a RED OCTAGON and does not respond to it. What do those results mean?

The child is still habituated to the circle and cannot differ­entiate circles from octagons

Which of the following is NOT a recognized manner in which chimeras are created?

All of the above are possible ways to form chimeras

Resear­chers use the scientific method­ology to increase their ability to:

Predict and control behavior

For any neuron to produce its own action potential, it must be affected by numerous other cells. What is the rule for getting a neuron to produce an action potential?

+10 mV within 1 ms

The genes within a soma do NOT produce one of the following.

All of the above are produced by genes

Which of the following psycho­logical disorders could be understood through the biopsy­cho­social model?

All of the above

Who is the father of psycho­logy?

Wundt

Which of the following is NOT true?

Some forms of behavior are entirely based upon enviro­nmental factors

Action potentials move _____ throughout the nervous system.

In only one direction through a neuroa­nat­omical circuit

In the split-­brain YouTube video, what was the medical diagnosis of the man who had his corpus callosum severed?

Epilepsy

Short-term memory is also called ___, has a duration of about ___ and can hold about ___ items

Attention; 30 seconds; 5-9

Which of the following is related to retrieval?

Congruent moods effect

Which of the following statements refutes naïve realism?

All of the above

Which of the following can override three-cell reflexes?

Signals sent from the brain

Which of the following brain scan techniques would be MOST useful in locating bullet fragments before surgery?

CT scan

What did the resear­chers conclude in the YouTube video on an infant’s innate sense of fairness?

A & B

Which of the following reflexes might be checked by a physician on you today?

Pupillary reflex

In the YouTube video on an infant’s innate sense of fairness, how did the resear­chers assess the children’s choice?

Eye gaze & Pointi­ng/­gra­bbing

Which of the following processes is NOT involved in the preope­rat­ional stage?

The child can succes­sfully distin­guish volume from length (conse­rva­tion) & The child can perform simple reversible mathem­atical functions such as addition and subtra­ction

The neural cells that run from your brain to your muscles are part of a(n):

Output signal system from the brain

According to the YouTube video on Sensation & Percep­tion, your frame of reference is:

One of the most important aspects of unders­tanding human behavior

Which of the following show the basic components of memory in their proper order?

Encoding, storage, retrieval

The electrical activity most similar in form to REM sleep is:

Stage 1 sleep

Consci­ousness is easily unders­tood.

No, that is false

How many basic forms of retrieval exist?

2

An altered psycho­logical state in which an individual is unusually receptive to sugges­tions is called:

Hypnosis

According to the Room 222 YouTube video, which of the following was one of the biggest concerns of the school admini­str­ation?

The students were being bribed to work

Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE regarding the storage of memories?

The amygdala controls happiness memories

The need for reading glasses beginning at about 40-years of age is typically a result of:

Reduced elasticity in the lens of the eye

If a set of cells in the visual cortex are designed to specif­ically detect something such as the angle of a line, then those cells are referred to as:

Feature detectors

Which condit­ioning principle was being expressed in the YouTube video entitled There Was No First Human?

Genera­liz­ation

Which of the following events reflects a variable interval schedule?

Waiting for the phone to ring

The most basic way in which to express an unders­tanding of the 19th century Gestalt concept is to state that:

Everything in life must be understood within its context

Which of the following is a Gestalt Grouping principle?

Closure

Which of the following events reflects a fixed ratio schedule?

Pressing the letter “k” on your typewriter and getting a single letter “k” as output

What is one of the primary reasons early psycho­logists moved away from the use of mazes to study learning in rats? Maze experi­ments:

cause aggressive behavior that interferes with learning

According to the YouTube video on Dreaming, what mistake did the primary character of the film almost make?

Jump 9,000 feet to his death at the North Pole

Who developed the school of behavi­orism?

Watson

Which of the following processes is NOT involved in the concrete operat­ional stage?

All of the above are present in the concrete operat­ional stage

Which lobe is the only OUTPUT lobe of the brain.

Frontal lobe

Which section of the brain primarily analyzes visual input?

Occipital lobe

In the split-­brain YouTube video, which brain area could detect the individual vegetables but not the entire face?

Left brain

In the YouTube video on phantom limb pain, which successful treatment was used to eliminate pain associated with the missing limb.

Mirror box

Which section of the nervous system contains cells that do not regenerate themselves very well?

Central nervous system

Learning is any ___ change in behavior.

Relatively permanent

Which of the following drugs blocks dopamine reuptake?

Cocaine

Which of the following is NOT a typical mathem­atical technique used by psycho­log­ists?

Calculus

Which of the following shows the STRONGEST correl­ation?

-0.92

Psychology is a science based on the measur­ement of:

Behavior

Which of the following behaviors is UNAFFECTED by hormonal activity?

All behaviors are affected by hormones

The biopsy­cho­social model proposes that all human medical and psycho­logical health issues are a result of:

All of the above

Which of the following processes is NOT involved in the formal operat­ional stage?

All of the above are involved in the formal operat­ional stage

Which of the following shows the UNIQUE FUNCTION that occurs in short-term memory?

Rehearsal

Which of the following is NOT one of the four elements of observ­ational learning?

Learned helple­ssness

What is the most basic reason you should reject the concept of a repressed memory, especially emotio­nally strong events such as rape? These repressed memories are:

emotio­nally strong but noncon­scious

Would a Pavlovian versus operant analysis of the Room 222 token economy lead to widely different predic­tions of behavior?

No, their predic­tions would be very similar

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A person is unlikely to violate their own morals while under hypnosis

Which of the following is a BINOCULAR depth cue?

Conver­gence

One of the first memory resear­chers was:

Hermann Ebbinghaus

The optic disc produces:

The blind spot

Light waves have two primary charac­ter­istics that:

Are detected with separate receptors

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

The idea that mental conflict exists in your subcon­scious has been abandoned by scientific psychology

The YouTube video on repressed memories reported that recovered memories were generally related to:

All of the above

The need to take increasing amounts of a drug to produce the same effect is called:

Tolerance

Which of the following is NOT part of typical automatic proces­sing?

Noncon­scious memory of locations

Which charac­ter­istic is MOST CLOSELY related to the recogn­ition of consci­ousness in humans?

Language

When a 20-ounce soda falls out of a vending machine, it makes a particular clunk/thud sound. What is the role of the clunk/thud sound?

Secondary reinforcer

The shortest trace of a human voice stored in the receptors of the ear is called ___ and lasts about ___ in duration.

Echoic memory; 0.1 seconds

According to the Room 222 YouTube video, which of the following was the most common primary reinforcer applied?

Cakes/­pas­tries

The measur­ement of absolute and difference thresholds are both:

Calculated at 50%

With respect to the overwh­elming similarity in behavior between males and females, how many PAIRS of chromo­somes are unisex (seen in both males and females)?

22

Which of the following processes IS involved in the sensor­imotor stage?

The develo­pment of object permanence

Which section of the brain primarily analyzes somato­sensory input?

Parietal lobe

A typical synaptic message sends neuroc­hem­icals from a(n) ____ to a(n) ____.

Axon; dendrite

Which section of the brain primarily analyzes auditory input?

Temporal lobe

How old was the female patient in the hemisp­her­ectomy YouTube video?

7 years old

Which of the following answers show the LEAST TO MOST simila­rity?

Siblings raised apart, fraternal twins raised together, identical twins raised apart

Which of the following is true?

Correl­ation does not mean causation

Which famous physicist developed a theory of nerve conduction based on vibrat­ions?

Newton

The American eugenics program in the early 20th century was operated primarily from a ___ approach.

Positive eugenics

Which of the following is NOT involved in both classical and operant condit­ioning?

Reward conseq­uences

The serial position effect is created through

The combin­ation of retroa­ctive and proactive interf­erence

Which of the following parts of the Inform­ation Processing Model contain a line drawn to the term Inform­ation Lost?

All of the above