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systemd Cheat Sheet by

Systemd : system state, services management, troubleshooting and runlevels.

System state

Old command
Systemd command
Descri­ption
halt
systemctl halt
Halts the system.
poweroff
systemctl poweroff
Powers off the system.
reboot
systemctl reboot
Restarts the system.
pm-suspend
systemctl suspend
Suspends the system.
pm-hib­ernate
systemctl hibernate
Hibernates the system.
pm-sus­pen­d-h­ybrid
systemctl hybrid­-sleep
Hibernates and suspend the system.

Services management

SysVinit command
Systemd command
Notes
service httpd start
systemctl start httpd.s­ervice
Start a service (not reboot persis­tent).
service httpd stop
systemctl stop httpd.s­ervice
Stop a service (not reboot persis­tent).
service httpd restart
systemctl restart httpd.s­ervice
Restart a service.
service httpd reload
systemctl reload httpd.s­ervice
Reloads the config­uration files without interr­upting pending operat­ions.
service httpd condre­start
systemctl condre­start httpd.s­ervice
Restarts if the service is already running.
service httpd status
systemctl status httpd.s­ervice
Shows the status of a service.
service --stat­us-all
systemctl list-units --type­=se­rvice
Displays the status of all services.
ls /etc/r­c.d­/in­it.d/
systemctl list-u­nit­-files --type­=se­rvice
List the services that can be started or stopped.
chkconfig httpd on
systemctl enable httpd.s­ervice
Start service at next boot.
chkconfig httpd off
systemctl disable httpd.s­ervice
Service won't be started on next boot.
chkconfig httpd
systemctl is-enabled httpd.s­ervice
Check if a service is configured to start in the current enviro­nment.
chkconfig --list
systemctl list-u­nit­-files --type­=se­rvice or ls /etc/s­yst­emd­/sy­ste­m/*.wants/
Print a list of services showing which runlevels they are configured for.
chkconfig httpd --list
ls /etc/s­yst­emd­/sy­ste­m/*.wa­nts­/ht­tpd.se­rvice
Show which runlevels a service is configured for.
chkconfig httpd --add
systemctl daemon­-reload
Run this command after a change in any config­uration file (old or new).

Invest­igate

Command
Notes
systemctl get-de­fault
Determine which target unit is used by default.
systemctl set-de­fault multi-­use­r.t­arget
Change default boot target to multi-­use­r.t­arget.
journalctl -b
Show all messages from last boot.
journalctl -b -p err
Show all messages of priority level ERROR and more from last boot.
journalctl -p warning --sinc­e="2­015­-07-31 12:34:­56" --unti­l="2­015­-09-19 23:59:­59"
View the messages of priority level WARNING or more from a certain date and time.
journalctl -f
Follow new messages a la tail -f.
journalctl -u SERVICE
Show logs for SERVICE.
journalctl /usr/s­bin­/httpd
Show all messages related to a specific execut­able.
journalctl --full
Display all messages without truncating any.
systemctl --stat­e=f­ailed
Display the services that failed to start.
systemctl list-units --type­=target
Show current runlevel.
systemctl isolate graphi­cal.target
Change the current runlevel (target).
systemctl rescue­/em­ergency
Switch to Rescue (single user)/­Eme­rgency mode.
systemctl kill SERVIC­E.s­ervice
Gently kill SERVICE (SIGTERM, 15).
system­d-cgls
Show the full systemd control group (cgroup) hierarchy as a tree.
systemctl show -p "­Wan­ts" multi-­use­r.t­arget
Find out what other units does a unit depend on.
systemctl list-jobs
Show jobs.

Runlevels

SysVinit runlevel
Systemd target
Notes
0
runlev­el0.ta­rget, powero­ff.t­arget
Halt the system.
1, s, single
runlev­el1.ta­rget, rescue.target
Single user mode.
2, 4
runlev­el2.ta­rget, runlev­el4.ta­rget, multi-­use­r.t­arget
User-d­efined runlevels (identical to 3).
3
runlev­el3.ta­rget, multi-­use­r.t­arget
Multi-­user, non-gr­aph­ical.
5
runlev­el5.ta­rget, graphi­cal.target
Multi-­user, graphical.
6
runlev­el6.ta­rget, reboot.target
Rebbot.
emergency
emerge­ncy.target
Emergency shell.
                                           
 

Metadata

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  • Published: 8th April, 2015
  • Last Updated: 12th May, 2016
  • Rated: 5 out of 5 stars based on 3 ratings

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toric technix64 tbradley89 imjustsarah antares dhollinger Vicnet aejara

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