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Tahsili 2023 Biology: Invertebrates
Cnidaria
no of openings |
1 |
symmetry |
radial |
digestion |
gastrovascular cavity |
tentacles |
release poision and hook prey |
Reproduction |
polyp - medusa |
classes |
Hydrozoa - Scyphozoa - Anthozoa |
Hydrozoa |
freshwater cnidiaria such as hydra |
scyphozoa |
jellyfish |
Anthozoa |
sea anemones and corals |
Sponges
feeding |
filter feeders |
tissues and organs? |
absent |
nervous system? |
absent |
sclerocytes |
cells that produce spicules |
spicules |
needle like structures that give rigidity and form |
reproduction |
fragmentation - budding - gemmulation |
symmetry |
asymmetrical |
digestion |
intracellular |
Arthropod Classification
crustaceans |
5 pairs of legs, 2 pairs of antennae, 2 compound eyes, swimmerettes (swimming & reproduction) |
crabs |
arachnids |
6 pairs of appendeges, no antennae, have a cephalothorax, and a spinneret (produces silk) |
spiders, scorpions |
myriapods |
many legs, one pair of antennae |
centipede |
Insects |
3 pairs of legs,1 pair of antennae, 2 pairs of wings, compound eyes |
bees, mosquitoes |
Annelids
body type |
segmented |
digestive system |
made of a crop and gizzard |
Setae |
Bristles located on each segment that aids in motion |
clitellum |
a swollen saddle like part of the body that allows fertilization |
Classes |
oligochaeta - polychaeta - hirudinea |
Oligochaeta |
terrestrial worms |
earthworms |
polychaeta |
marine worms that decompose organic waste into CO2 |
bristle worms |
Hirudinea |
|
leeches |
|
|
Rotifers
Symmetry |
bilateral |
cavity |
pseudocoelomates |
motion |
cilia are present for locomotion and feeding |
Nematodes
symmetry |
bilateral |
digestive tract |
present |
cavity |
pseudocoelomates |
body shape |
tapered ends |
Nematode Classification
Trichinella |
causes trichinosis |
infects humans through the consumption of undercooked meat |
Hookworms |
|
infects humans who walk barefoot on contaminated soil |
Ascaris |
causes ascariasis |
infects humans through unwashed vegetables |
Pinworms |
commonly affects children |
access the body through contaminated toys in the mouth |
Filarial Worms |
reside in mosquitoes, cause elephantiasis |
live in the lymphatic system |
Arthropods
body composition |
head - thorax - abdomen |
thorax |
the body part between the head and abdomen |
exoskeleton |
made of chitin |
movement |
by appendages that can grow by molting |
respiration |
Gills (aquatic) - book lungs (spiders) - tracheal tubes (beetles) |
Excretory organ |
Malphigian Tubules |
Classes |
crustaceans - arachnids - myriapods - insects |
mouthparts |
sponging/licking, siphoning, piercing/sucking, chewing |
complete metamorphosis |
egg - larva - pupa - adult |
incomplete metamorphosis |
egg - nymph - adult |
inactive stage of metamorphosis |
pupa |
|
|
Flatworms
symmetry |
bilateral |
cavity |
acoelomates |
body shape |
flattened |
excretory system |
made of a network of tubules and flame cells |
Classes |
turbellarians - trematodes - cestodes |
Turbellarians |
free living freshwater flatworms |
Ex: Planaria |
Trematodes |
parasitic and live within the host's blood |
Ex: schistosoma (blood flukes) |
Cestodes |
parasitic worms with segmented bodies |
Ex: tapeworms |
Molluscs
cavity |
coelomates |
movement |
muscular foot |
openings |
2 |
digestive tract |
present |
mantle |
a membrane that surrounds the organs and produces CaCO3 |
Radula |
rasping organ for feeding |
Classes |
Bivalves - cephalopods - Gastropods |
Gastropods |
foot located under the organism |
Ex: Snail |
Bivalves |
shells are made of 2 parts |
Ex: Oyster |
Cephalopods |
no foot, but have tentacles |
Ex: Octopus |
Echinoderms
embryological development |
deutrostomes |
habitat |
marine |
skeleton |
endoskeleton made of interlocking CaCO3 |
water vascular system |
central ring canal and radial canals |
movement |
tubular feet |
symmetry (adult) |
radial |
symmetry (larva) |
bilateral |
Asteroidiea |
reproduces by regeneration |
starfish |
Ophiuroidea |
|
brittle star |
Echinoidea |
have aristotle's lantern - are eaten by otters (mouthpart) |
sea urchins |
Holothuroidea |
respiratory tree |
sea cucumber |
concentricycloidea |
|
sea daisy |
|
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